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‣ Uma análise da evolução do diferencial regional de rendimentos no setor agrícola brasileiro - 1995 a 2009; An analysis of the evolution of the regional earnings gap in the Brazilian agricultural sector - 1995 to 2009
Fonte: Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Publicador: Biblioteca Digitais de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Tipo: Dissertação de Mestrado
Formato: application/pdf
Publicado em 12/04/2013
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#Agricultural sector#Capital humano#Employment#Emprego#Human capital#Indicadores socioeconômicos#Labor Market#Mercado de trabalho#Setor agrícola#Socioeconomic indicators
O presente trabalho analisa a evolução do diferencial de rendimentos entre os empregados no setor agrícola brasileiro, no período entre 1995 e 2009. Utilizando-se dos microdados da PNAD disponibilizados pelo IBGE, são estimadas cinco equações de rendimento como forma de verificar quais os determinantes do rendimento no setor, considerando-se idade, nível de escolaridade, situação censitária, região, atividade, entre outras variáveis. Também são consideradas interações entre região e atividade como forma de identificar o efeito de cada atividade dentro de uma mesma região e entre regiões. Os dois primeiros modelos permitem constatar que o nível educacional é um determinante significativo para a formação do rendimento no setor, o qual passa a ser intensificado a partir dos dez anos de escolaridade. Houve, entretanto, redução do retorno do rendimento à escolaridade, o que corrobora a convexidade do rendimento à educação verificada para outros setores. As horas trabalhadas também mostraram-se um fator significativo para a formação do rendimento do trabalho no setor. Verifica-se ainda um efeito regional significativo, o que está associado aos diferentes níveis de desenvolvimento de atividades agropecuárias entre as regiões. Já os coeficientes associados à cor do indivíduo indicaram que tal variável não apresenta um efeito relevante para a formação dos rendimentos no setor...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Efficiency Measures in the Agricultural Sector With Applications
Fonte: Springer
Publicador: Springer
Tipo: Livro
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#Agricultural Sector#Data Envelopment Analysis#Decision Support#Farm efficiency#Stochastic Frontier Analysis
Offers a thorough introduction to efficiency modeling in agriculture
Incorporates both Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA)
Provides a lucid, non-specialist’s approach to sophisticated modeling for agricultural efficiency
Efficiency Measures in the Agricultural Sector opens with detailed descriptions of measurement techniques such as Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), which are often used to support models in analysis of agricultural productivity, based on mathematical programming (non-parametric, non-stochastic) models or econometric (stochastic, parametric) models.
Among the factors studied using these techniques are the abundance of subsidies, strong competition between regions worldwide and the need for efficient production systems. In some countries like Portugal, this sector is being revitalized in face of the need for reducing imports.
The editors draw on a 3-year project that analyzed a Portuguese area in detail, comparing this study with papers from other regions. Applications include the estimation of technical efficiency in agricultural grazing systems (dairy, beef and mixed) and specifically for dairy farms. The conclusions indicate that it is now necessary to help small dairy farms in order to make them more efficient. These results can be compared with the technical efficiency of a sample of Spanish dairy processing firms presented by Magdalena Kapelko and co-authors.
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Poverty Decline, Agricultural Wages, and Non-Farm Employment in Rural India 1983–2004
Fonte: Banco Mundial
Publicador: Banco Mundial
Português
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#ADULT MALES#AGE GROUPS#AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT#AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT#AGRICULTURAL GROWTH#AGRICULTURAL LABOR#AGRICULTURAL LABORERS#AGRICULTURAL LABOUR#AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT#AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION#AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
The authors analyze five rounds of
National Sample Survey data covering 1983, 1987/8, 1993/4,
1999/0, and 2004/5 to explore the relationship between rural
diversification and poverty. Poverty in rural India declined
at a modest rate during this period. The authors provide
region-level estimates that illustrate considerable
geographic heterogeneity in this progress. Poverty estimates
correlate well with region-level data on changes in
agricultural wage rates. Agricultural labor remains the
preserve of the uneducated and also to a large extent of the
scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. Although agricultural
labor grew as a share of total economic activity over the
first four rounds, it had fallen back to the levels observed
at the beginning of the survey period by 2004. This
all-India trajectory masks widely varying trends across
states. During this period, the rural non-farm sector grew
modestly, mainly between the last two survey rounds. Regular
non-farm employment remains largely associated with
education levels and social status that are rare among the
poor. However...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Albania : Strategic Policies for a More Competitive Agriculture Sector
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Português
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#ACCESS TO IRRIGATION#AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT#AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION#AGRICULTURAL GROWTH#AGRICULTURAL INCOMES#AGRICULTURAL INPUTS#AGRICULTURAL LAND#AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT#AGRICULTURAL POLICIES#AGRICULTURAL POLICY#AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES
Recent trends in Albania suggest that it
has the potential for a modern and competitive agricultural
sector, provided there is sufficient private investment and
the right policy environment. This chapter looks at the role
of agriculture in the economy and the current status of the
sector, and outlines the implications of modernization and
transformation of agriculture for rural areas. It also
identifies trends and sources of growth for agriculture, and
concludes by presenting the key policy challenges for the
sector. The rest of this report analyzes the challenges
facing the agricultural sector and recommends policies for
addressing them. These challenges are analyzed in greater
detail, and more specific policy recommendations are given
in the following chapters, which focus on strengthening
supply chains, improving food safety, and ensuring that
reforms are carried out in compliance with EU legislation.
The final chapter looks at how well public expenditures in
agriculture are managed in order to achieve these policy objectives.
Link permanente para citações:
‣ 'Japan Inc.' in the agricultural sector: reform or regression?
Fonte: Universidade Nacional da Austrália
Publicador: Universidade Nacional da Austrália
Tipo: Working/Technical Paper
Formato: 326719 bytes; 352 bytes; application/pdf; application/octet-stream
Português
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#Japan Inc.#agricultural sector#structural reform#iron triangle#deregulation#trade liberalisation#Nokyo#restructuring#WTO#World Trade Organisation
‘Japan Inc.’ is manifested in the agricultural sector as a classic subgovernment consisting of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, the Liberal Democratic Party, and the agricultural cooperative organisation (Nokyo). This three-way coalition of bureaucratic, party and producer organisations forms an ‘iron triangle’ of vested interest in agricultural support and protection. The agricultural public works component of the agricultural iron triangle is also linked to the larger iron triangle of public works, one of Japan’s most notorious interest coalitions. In the past decade, processes of electoral reform, administrative reform and financial liberalisation have presented each of the elements in the agricultural iron triangle with problems of political and organisational adjustment. At the same time, tripartite policymaking within the agricultural policy subgovernment has been institutionalised, and the LDP’s agricultural leadership is now directly penetrating the agricultural bureaucracy. Similarly, macro-policy trends such as deregulation, trade liberalization and fiscal stimulus have influenced the concessions and benefits flowing to the agricultural and rural sectors both positively and negatively. While a degree of induced marketisation and liberalisation has taken place...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Basic Agricultural Public Expenditure Diagnostic Review : Ghana's Ministry of Food and Agriculture
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Public Expenditure Review; Economic & Sector Work
Português
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#ACCOUNTABILITY#ACCOUNTING#ACTUAL YIELDS#ADAPTIVE RESEARCH#ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS#AFDB#AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK#AGRIBUSINESS#AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES#AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT#AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
Ghana, like many other African
countries, had made a commitment in 2003 to allocate at
least ten percent of their national budgetary resources to
develop the agricultural sector by 2008, following the
adoption of the Comprehensive African Agriculture
Development Programme (CAADP), with an aim towards realizing
food security and poverty reduction. This Agriculture Public
Expenditure Review (AgPER) for Ghana analyzes data on public
spending from both government and donor sources to assess:
1) the alignment between expenditure patterns within the
agricultural sector and stated policy priorities; and 2) the
effectiveness of public spending by comparing spending
against results. The outputs of the review include a
comprehensive agricultural expenditure assessment to help
provide a solid foundation for carrying out specialized
studies, such as Public Expenditure Tracking Surveys (PETS),
and the establishment of the levels and composition of
public expenditure in the selected subsectors
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Kyrgyz Republic : Agricultural Policy Update, Volume1. Overview
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Other Agricultural Study; Economic & Sector Work
Português
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#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO FUNDS#ACCESS TO INFORMATION#ACCOUNTING#ADVISORY SERVICE#ADVISORY SERVICES#AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT#AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION#AGRICULTURAL FINANCE#AGRICULTURAL GROWTH#AGRICULTURAL LOANS
This policy note examines the policy and
investment framework between 2003 and 2010, resulting sector
performance and the priorities for future development. It
draws attention to the need to refocus on completing the
fundamental reforms and investments on which
Kyrgyzstan's early successes were built. These include
further development of land market, building rural finance
markets, further public investment and institutional
development in the irrigation sector, encouraging greater
private investment in the seeds sector and machinery
services, public-private partnerships for advisory service
provision, completion of ongoing reforms in pasture
management, development of veterinary services and improving
the business environment for private investment in
agro-processing. The policy Note discusses the
government's approach to achieving greater food
security, which centers on food self-sufficiency and
discusses why this is not the best route to raising low
rural incomes - the root cause of food insecurity. The
report discusses some of the policies conceived after the
food price crisis...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Kyrgyz Republic : Agricultural Policy Update, Volume 2. Main Report
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Other Agricultural Study; Economic & Sector Work
Português
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#ABSOLUTE POVERTY#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO FOOD#ACCESS TO INFORMATION#ACCESS TO MARKETS#AGRIBUSINESS#AGRICULTURAL CENSUS#AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT#AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT#AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION#AGRICULTURAL FINANCE
This policy note examines the policy and
investment framework between 2003 and 2010, resulting sector
performance and the priorities for future development. It
draws attention to the need to refocus on completing the
fundamental reforms and investments on which
Kyrgyzstan's early successes were built. These include
further development of land market, building rural finance
markets, further public investment and institutional
development in the irrigation sector, encouraging greater
private investment in the seeds sector and machinery
services, public-private partnerships for advisory service
provision, completion of ongoing reforms in pasture
management, development of veterinary services and improving
the business environment for private investment in
agro-processing. The policy Note discusses the
government's approach to achieving greater food
security, which centers on food self-sufficiency and
discusses why this is not the best route to raising low
rural incomes - the root cause of food insecurity. The
report discusses some of the policies conceived after the
food price crisis...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Republic of India : Accelerating Agricultural Productivity Growth
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Other Agricultural Study; Economic & Sector Work
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACTUAL YIELDS#ADAPTIVE RESEARCH#ADVERSE IMPACT#AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT#AGRICULTURAL DIVERSIFICATION#AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS#AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION#AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION#AGRICULTURAL GROWTH#AGRICULTURAL INCENTIVES#AGRICULTURAL INNOVATION
In the past 50 years, Indian agriculture
has undergone a major transformation, from dependence on
food aid to becoming a consistent net food exporter. The
gradual reforms in the agricultural sector (following the
broader macro-reforms of the early 1990s) spurred some
unprecedented innovations and changes in the food sector
driven by private investment. These impressive achievements
must now be viewed in light of the policy and investment
imperatives that lie ahead. Agricultural growth has improved
in recent years (averaging about 3.5 percent since 2004-05),
but at a long-term trend rate of growth of 3 percent,
agriculture has underperformed relative to its potential.
The pockets of post-reform dynamism that have emerged
evidently have not reached a sufficiently large scale to
influence the sector's performance. For the vast
population that still derives a living directly or
indirectly from agriculture, achieving "faster, more
inclusive, and sustainable growth', the objectives at
the heart of the Twelfth five year plan...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Promoting Pro-Poor Agricultural Growth in Rwanda : Challenges and Opportunities
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Policy Note; Economic & Sector Work
Português
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#ACTUAL YIELDS#AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES#AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT#AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY#AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS#AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION#AGRICULTURAL GROWTH#AGRICULTURAL INPUTS#AGRICULTURAL MARKETING#AGRICULTURAL POLICY#AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
This report summarizes the findings of a
study undertaken by the World Bank at the request of the
Government of Rwanda. The study had three main objectives:
(i) Validate the argument that agriculture has potential to
become a leading engine of pro-poor growth in Rwanda and
identify potential sources of rapid and sustainable growth
within the agricultural sector; (ii) identify key actions
that will be needed to unlock these sources of agricultural
growth, and describe actions in other sectors that will be
needed to support the successful implementation of the
government's agricultural policy agenda; and (iii)
confirm the congruence between the priority actions needed
to stimulate increased agricultural growth and the policy
reforms, institutional changes, and supporting investments
envisioned under the Plan Strategique de Transformation
Agricole (PSTA). This report consists of five sections, of
which the introduction is the first. Section 2 describes the
importance of agriculture in the economy of Rwanda and
analyzes recent trends in the performance of the
agricultural sector. Section 3 discusses possible future
drivers of growth...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Agricultural Sector Risk Assessment in Niger : Moving from Crisis Response to Long-Term Risk Management
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Other Agricultural Study; Economic & Sector Work
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT#AGRICULTURAL LAND#AGRICULTURAL LAND RESOURCES#AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT#AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION#AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY#AGRICULTURAL SECTOR#AGRICULTURAL SERVICES#AGRICULTURE#AGRO-PASTORAL AREAS#ANIMAL
Niger, owing to its climatic,
institutional, livelihood, economic, and environmental
context, is one of the most vulnerable countries of the
world. Poverty is pervasive in Niger and it ranks low on
almost all the human development indicators. Agriculture is
the most important sector of Niger's economy and
accounts for over 40 percent of national gross domestic
product (GDP) and is the principle source of livelihood for
over 80 percent of the country's population. The
performance of the agricultural sector, however, due to its
high exposure to risks, is very volatile. Niger has
experienced multiple shocks, largely induced by agricultural
risks over the past 30 years, which impose high welfare cost
in terms of food availability, food affordability, and
malnutrition. It also adversely affects household incomes,
performance of the agricultural sector, the
government's fiscal balance, and the growth rate of
Niger's economy. Niger is a case of living perpetually
with risk, thus more emphasis on long-term structural
solutions...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Uruguay : The Rural Sector and Natural Resources, Volume 1. Main Report
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#RURAL ENVIRONMENT#RURAL ECONOMICS#NATURAL RESOURCE UTILIZATION#AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION#PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH#EXPORT DIVERSIFICATION#LABOR INTENSIVE TECHNOLOGY#CAPITAL UTILIZATION#TAX BURDENS#AGRO-INDUSTRY EXPORTS#EXPORT EARNINGS
The report reviews the macroeconomic
perspectives of Uruguay, focused on its rural development
and natural resources intensive sectors, to form the basis
for expanding agricultural production, and increasing
productivity. It reviews the country's sectoral
composition, exports of natural resource intensive products,
and labor and capital use, as well as the tax burden.
Although agriculture represents less than ten percent of the
gross domestic product (GDP) of Uruguay, the combination of
agriculture, and agro-industry makes up twenty three percent
of GDP, of which half of the output is exported, which
represented in 2000, seventy three percent of the
country's total export earnings, with the composition
of exports, significantly diversified. Nonetheless, the
agricultural sector remains vulnerable to both external
shocks, and domestic factors, and, while the
government's ability to ameliorate the impacts of these
shocks is limited, the likely increasing importance of
international trade calls for a long-term approach to
agricultural...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Towards a Vision for Agricultural Innovation in Chile in 2030
Fonte: World Bank
Publicador: World Bank
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Other Agricultural Study; Economic & Sector Work
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACCESS TO INFORMATION#AGRICULTURAL AREA#AGRICULTURAL AREAS#AGRICULTURAL BUSINESSES#AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIES#AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIST#AGRICULTURAL ENTREPRENEURS#AGRICULTURAL EXPORT#AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS#AGRICULTURAL GROWTH#AGRICULTURAL IMPORTS
This paper aims to develop a vision
statement for the agricultural sector that may then guide
the future investments in Chile's agricultural
innovation system, A joint and shared perspective on how the
sector might look and what role agricultural innovation
should play in getting there is a prerequisite for any
effective strategy. But developing such a vision is not only
a function of what the country wants: it also depends on the
context in which Chile's agricultural sector will find
itself. This paper therefore reports on a participatory
process to explore the many uncertainties that surround
Chile's agriculture and to derive possible implications
and answers. This will then lead to a vision for the sector
that should be realistic both in terms of Chile's
agricultural ambitions and its surrounding uncertainties.
Based on the vision, a series of topics that needs to be
explored in the agricultural innovation system if Chile
wishes to make its vision come true will be identified and
briefly described. The current paper is the second one in a
series of three that were agreed between the Government of
Chile and the World Bank to support the development of a
long term agricultural innovation strategy. The first paper
reviewed the functioning of the three main public
technological institutes and made recommendations on how
their performance can be improved. This second study
explores the future of Chile's agriculture towards
2030...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Agricultural Sector Review; Revitalizing Agriculture for Economic Growth, Job Creation and Food Security
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Report; Economic & Sector Work; Economic & Sector Work :: Other Agricultural Study
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO MARKETS#ACIAR#ADB#AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES#AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT#AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY#AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT#AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION#AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION PROGRAM#AGRICULTURAL GROWTH
Economic growth, job creation, and
development are central to the decade of transformation
(2015-25) and long-term security for the people of
Afghanistan. The Bank and the Government of the Islamic
Republic of Afghanistan (GoIRA) recognize that agriculture
and rural development are a key to inclusive growth, and
hence need renewed vigor and strategic long-term
investments. Further, the Bank and the GoIRA acknowledge
that increases in agricultural productivity and market
access for smallholders are critical for rural development,
job creation, and food security in Afghanistan. Sections two
and three of this report describe the agricultural sector
and its current and potential roles in the Afghan economy,
and present the rationale for choosing certain areas and
subsectors for a selective 'first mover' strategy
to achieve early gains. Section four outlines the
constraints and potential in each of the three value chains
proposed for the selective strategy, irrigated wheat,
intensive livestock production, and horticulture. Section
five describes cross-cutting constraints and how best to
address them...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Comprehensive Assessment of the Agriculture Sector in Liberia : Volume 1, Synthesis Report
Fonte: Banco Mundial
Publicador: Banco Mundial
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Rural Development Assessment; Economic & Sector Work
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ABSOLUTE TERMS#ACCESS TO ASSETS#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO FOOD#ACUTE MALNUTRITION#ADB#AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK#AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES#AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES#AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY#AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVE
The overall objective of the
Comprehensive Assessment of the Agricultural Sector (CAAS)
is to provide an evidence base to enable appropriate
strategic policy responses by the Government of Liberia
(GoL) and its development partners in order to maximize the
contribution of the agriculture sector to the
Government's overarching policy objectives. Given the
strong relationship between growth in agricultural
productivity and poverty reduction, future efforts in
Liberia need to focus on productivity enhancing measures
with a pro-poor focus that increase incomes. Growth based on
extensification using traditional technologies is generally
not profitable and has damaging implications for the
environment. Given the low level of assets possessed by most
Liberians, future efforts need to address the question of
access to assets (i.e. land, knowledge and inputs) in
addition to providing opportunities and an enabling
environment. Liberia needs to make concerted efforts to
preserve and consolidate its emerging stability by focusing
on interventions to ensure food security and poverty
alleviation at the community and household levels. Improving
access to food and generating sustainable...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Comprehensive Assessment of the Agriculture Sector in Liberia : Volume 2, Sub-sector Reports, Part I
Fonte: Banco Mundial
Publicador: Banco Mundial
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Rural Development Assessment; Economic & Sector Work
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO FOOD#ACCESS TO MARKETS#AGRICULTURAL CHANGE#AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES#AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY#AGRICULTURAL CROPS#AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT#AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS#AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION#AGRICULTURAL INPUT
The overall objective of the
Comprehensive Assessment of the Agricultural Sector (CAAS)
is to provide an evidence base to enable appropriate
strategic policy responses by the Government of Liberia
(GoL) and its development partners in order to maximize the
contribution of the agriculture sector to the
Government's overarching policy objectives. Given the
strong relationship between growth in agricultural
productivity and poverty reduction, future efforts in
Liberia need to focus on productivity enhancing measures
with a pro-poor focus that increase incomes. Growth based on
extensification using traditional technologies is generally
not profitable and has damaging implications for the
environment. Given the low level of assets possessed by most
Liberians, future efforts need to address the question of
access to assets (i.e. land, knowledge and inputs) in
addition to providing opportunities and an enabling
environment. Liberia needs to make concerted efforts to
preserve and consolidate its emerging stability by focusing
on interventions to ensure food security and poverty
alleviation at the community and household levels. Improving
access to food and generating sustainable...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Comprehensive Assessment of the Agriculture Sector in Liberia : Volume 4, Crosscutting Issues
Fonte: Banco Mundial
Publicador: Banco Mundial
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Rural Development Assessment; Economic & Sector Work
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ABSOLUTE POVERTY#ACCESS TO MARKETS#ADULT LITERACY#AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT#AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY#AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION#AGRICULTURAL GROWTH#AGRICULTURAL LABOUR#AGRICULTURAL POPULATION#AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE#AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
The overall objective of the
Comprehensive Assessment of the Agricultural Sector (CAAS)
is to provide an evidence base to enable appropriate
strategic policy responses by the Government of Liberia
(GoL) and its development partners in order to maximize the
contribution of the agriculture sector to the
Government's overarching policy objectives. Given the
strong relationship between growth in agricultural
productivity and poverty reduction, future efforts in
Liberia need to focus on productivity enhancing measures
with a pro-poor focus that increase incomes. Growth based on
extensification using traditional technologies is generally
not profitable and has damaging implications for the
environment. Given the low level of assets possessed by most
Liberians, future efforts need to address the question of
access to assets (i.e. land, knowledge and inputs) in
addition to providing opportunities and an enabling
environment. Liberia needs to make concerted efforts to
preserve and consolidate its emerging stability by focusing
on interventions to ensure food security and poverty
alleviation at the community and household levels. Improving
access to food and generating sustainable...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ An ultra violet optical fibre based sensor for ammonia detection in the agricultural sector
Fonte: University of Limerick
Publicador: University of Limerick
Tipo: Doctoral thesis; all_ul_research; ul_published_reviewed; ul_theses_dissertations; none
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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peer-reviewed; This thesis describes an optical fibre sensor to detect and accurately measure
ammonia gas in the agricultural sector. Increases in ammonia emission especially
from the farming industry have created the need for a sensor that is capable of
measuring ammonia gas in the agricultural environment. The research of this
investigation is validated by measurement in a barn at a cattle farm and in the most
stringent weather condition. The optical fibre sensor system described in this thesis is based on an openpath spectral absorption gas cell addressed by optical fibres. A stainless steel hollow cylinder is used as the absorption cell and two Ultra Violet (circa 220 nm wavelength)optical fibres are used to transmit the light. The construction of the sensor uses robust material and is able to withstand the weather conditions encountered in this environment and is relatively low in cost. An Ultra Violet light source is used to avoid potential cross sensitivity problems with atmospheric gases. The optical sensor system uses a spectrometer as a detector and it is interfaced with a computer hosting data
capture and analysis software. A specially designed in-house program has been
developed using graphical programming software in order to monitor the ammonia
concentration in real time. Following optimisations for better performance...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Impactos de la inversión extranjera en el sector agrario 2003-2013; Foreign Direct Investment impacts on agricultural sector 2003-2013
Fonte: Universidad Militar Nueva Granada; Facultad de Ciencias Económicas; Economía
Publicador: Universidad Militar Nueva Granada; Facultad de Ciencias Económicas; Economía
Tipo: bachelorThesis; Trabajo de grado
Formato: pdf; pdf
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#Inversión extranjera directa#Sector agrario#Impacto social#Impacto ambiental#Impacto económico#INVERSIONES EXTRANJERAS - SECTOR AGRARIO#INVERSIONES AGRICOLAS#Foreign direct investment#Agricultural sector#Social impact#Environmental impact
Este trabajo se centra en los impactos económicos sociales y medioambientales que ha generado la IED en el sector agrario, se examinan las principales empresas multinacionales presentes en el período descrito, las regiones de Colombia con mayor atracción de IED y se analizan variables macroeconómicas del sector agropecuario tales como el PIB y crecimiento económico.
Palabras clave: Inversión extranjera directa, Sector agrario, Impacto social, Impacto ambiental e Impacto económico.; This paper is focuses in the economic, social and environmental impacts that provide the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on the agricultural sector; it sees the main multinational companies present at the described period, places of Colombia with most attraction of FDI and shows the main macroeconomic indicators on the agricultural sector (PBI and economic growth)
Keywords: Foreign direct investment, Agricultural sector, Social impact, Environmental impact and Economic impact.
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Productivity growth and technological progress in the Brazilian agricultural sector
Fonte: Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Operacional
Publicador: Sociedade Brasileira de Pesquisa Operacional
Tipo: Artigo de Revista Científica
Formato: text/html
Publicado em 01/12/2002
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
67.597163%
Starting in the 1970's, the Brazilian agricultural sector has experienced an important process of modernization, whose principal effects include advances in technological progress and gains in productivity. The primary objective of this paper is to analyze technological progress and total productivity growth in the Brazilian agricultural sector during the period from 1970 to 1996. The methodology used here is based on the Malmquist productivity index and techniques in mathematical programming called Data Envelopment Analysis. The results show that significant progress was made in this sector of the economy but concentrated in only some regions of the country.
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