Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Economia, 2013.; O presente trabalho faz uso do “espaço-indústria”, um lócus onde se confrontam a participação da indústria no PIB e o valor per capita adicionado pela atividade industrial, que aqui denominaremos densidade industrial. O espaço– indústria divide-se em quatro quadrantes, onde a linha horizontal é a média da densidade industrial da amostra de países, enquanto a linha vertical é a média da participação no PIB. Usaremos o diagrama espaço-indústria como mecanismo de análise do desenvolvimento industrial, investigando a “distribuição industrial” ao longo do tempo, assim como as trajetórias individuais de determinados países. Ainda que os sejam intimamente relacionados e até mesmo complementares no desenvolvimento industrial de um país, pretendemos mostrar nesse trabalho que os mesmos são dominados por dinâmicas distintas, e nesse ambiente as escolhas de políticas produtivas tornam-se fundamentais na determinação da estrutura setorial e no grau de elaboração da manufatura de um país. Utilizando uma amostra selecionada, a análise de dados de painel através de um modelo de Seemingly Unrelated Regressions (SUR) revela que os indicadores de participação setorial e densidade industrial são de fato governados por dinâmicas diferentes...

Esta dissertação de mestrado, que tem como tema principal a Importância da Newsletter na comunicação interna das empresas do setor da Indústria Transformadora Nacional com o C.A.E.1: 25720 – Fabricação de Fechaduras, Dobradiças e de Outras Ferragens (CAE REV.3), foi desenvolvida a partir de referenciais teóricos e da análise dos questionários e inquéritos feitos às empresas nacionais do setor mencionado. A dissertação, composta por 5 capítulos, fornece uma visão geral da newsletter enquanto meio de comunicação empresarial e explora os conceitos de cultura de empresa e comunicação interna. De seguida, descreve e enquadra a Indústria Transformadora Nacional. Por último, apresenta um estudo de campo que teve como objetivo principal avaliar a importância das newsletters na comunicação interna das empresas no setor da Indústria Transformadora Nacional com o C.A.E.1: 25720 – Fabricação de Fechaduras, Dobradiças e de Outras Ferragens (CAE REV.3). O estudo releva que as newsletters não são conhecidas pela maioria das empresas com o C.A.E.1: 25720 – Fabricação de Fechaduras, Dobradiças e de Outras Ferragens (CAE REV.3) na Indústria Transformadora Nacional. E, ainda que sejam importantes para a divulgação de informação e a consolidação da identidade das empresas...

The authors present empirical evidence on the determinants of industry-level multifactor productivity growth. They focus on "traditional factors," including the process of technological catch up, human capital, and research and development (R&D), as well as institutional factors affecting labor adjustment costs. Their analysis is based on harmonized data for 17 manufacturing industries in 18 industrial economies over the past two decades. The disaggregated analysis reveals that the process of technological convergence takes place mainly in low-tech industries, while in high-tech industries, country leaders tend to pull ahead of the others. The link between R&D activity and productivity also depends on technological characteristics of the industries: while there is no evidence of R&D boosting productivity in low-tech industries, the effect is strong in high-tech industries, but the technology leaders tend to enjoy higher returns on R&D expenditure compared with followers. There is also evidence in the data that high labor adjustment costs (proxied by the strictness of employment protection legislation) can have a strong negative impact on productivity. In particular...

The main objective of this report is, first, to examine changes in the welfare and labor market status of workers in Azerbaijan, with concentration on large state-owned enterprises (SOEs) already displaced or which may be displaced because of enterprise restructuring and privatization. This includes identifying: a) dominant patterns in labor market behavior, b) changes in worker socioeconomic status in the wake of redundancy; and c) assistance received under enterprise social programs and other government social safety nets. Second, the study also explores patterns of job creation and job destruction, and the dynamics of labor demand, including any barriers to firm entry and growth. The study focuses largely on identifying informational and institutional gaps in elaborating a general labor redeployment program suitable for conditions in Azerbaijan. Suggestions for the introduction of labor redeployment activities and enterprise social plans are provided that would enable authorities to design relevant mitigating measures. The report concludes that findings indicate labor market interventions have great potential to improve labor market performance; however, whether or not this potential is realized depends on a number of factors, and numerous variables can intervene to affect the final outcome of their implementation. These include external factors such as stable macroeconomic conditions...

This policy note is the first of two volumes, drafted in conjunction with a more detailed technical report. It was prepared in response to a request by the Government of Tunisia for Bank assistance to formulate an ICT development strategy, in accordance with the targets set in the Government of Tunisia's 10th development plan. The policy note highlights current constraints to ICT sector development and proposes measures to eliminate them. It should be read in conjunction with the broader strategy report (volume two: technical report), which contains complementary data and technical information. The Government objectives were conveyed to the World Bank team in May 2001. The strategy is aimed at bolstering the country's emerging ICT sector and maximizing its ability to compete in local, regional, and global markets. In this context, the major objectives of the ICT strategy are to: (a) maximize the ICT contribution to growth and employment generation; (b) position Tunisia in the global ICT market; and (c) integrate ICT into the Tunisian economy. Indirect issues of the ICT impact on productivity and competitiveness are marginally treated in this note. The report compares the state of ICT development in Tunisia that of other economies...

This report presents the main findings of three major studies carried out as part of Korea and the Bank's Knowledge Partnership. It is divided into three main sections: (a) a Strategic Review which integrates, and summarizes the most important findings, and policy recommendations for Government to consider; (b) the three in depth studies regarding Korea's transition towards a knowledge-based economy, and, (c) detailed annexes. Korea faces complex challenges in moving toward a knowledge-based economy, which will require inspired corporate strategies, and government policies. The three studies represent an important 'triad' of issues that constitute a core part of the foundation of Korea's knowledge economy: the deepening of technological knowledge at the firm-level; the intensification of the use of internet enabled services by firms; and, the educational implications for upgrading of the workforce. At the firm-level, further mastery of technological knowledge is essential for firms to move further 'upstream' from their base in manufacturing...

The development and business communities involved in the African agriculture and agribusiness sectors have recently experienced a strong resurgence of interest in promoting value chains as an approach that can help design interventions geared to add value, lower transaction costs, diversify rural economies, and contribute to increasing rural household incomes in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. Enhancing value chain competitiveness is increasingly recognized as an effective approach to generating growth and reducing the rural poverty prevalent in the region. This is a welcome development for practitioners who have long been convinced of the need to look differently at agriculture not just as a means of survival, but as smaller or larger commercial businesses linked to domestic and global markets and of the need to identify and tap into new sources of potential growth and value addition in the sector. Hopefully, renewed engagement will lead to a substantial increase in the flow of financial resources and technical assistance devoted to supporting market-driven...

The relationships between trade facilitation, trade flows, and capacity building are complex and challenging to assess, both empirically and in implementation. The authors measure and estimate the relationship between trade facilitation and trade flows across 75 countries in global trade, considering four important categories: port efficiency, customs environment, regulatory environment, and service sector infrastructure. A gravity model is employed that accounts for bilateral trade flows in manufactured goods in 2000-01 between the 75 countries, using traditional factors such as GDP, distance, language, and trade areas, and is augmented by the trade facilitation measures in the four categories for each country. The results suggest that both imports and exports for a country and for the world will increase with improvements in these trade facilitation measures. Potential gains from trade facilitation reforms are predicted by using the estimated parameters. The gains from trade facilitation are presented by comparing the gains across geographical regions and trade facilitation categories...

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, 2013.; Introdução: O crescimento socioeconômico no mundo industrial tem assistido a uma diversificação dos processos de produção que expõe os trabalhadores a maiores riscos e assim a uma deterioração da sua saúde. Consequentemente, isto conduz a problemas de saúde, o que pode causar incapacidade para o trabalho, acarretando extremo sofrimento e perdas financeiras. Objetivos: Estimar a prevalência de benefícios auxílio-doença (BAD) concedidos pela Previdência Social aos empregados no Brasil em 2008, sob três diferentes aspectos: atividade econômica indústria de transformação, fabricação de produtos alimentícios - Carne e Pescado; BAD decorrentes de Lesões, envenenamento e algumas outras consequências de causas externas; e BAD em Rondônia. Método: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico descritivo transversal, baseado nos BAD concedidos. As taxas de prevalências foram apresentadas por 10.000 trabalhadores e estratificadas por sexo, idade, diagnóstico, atividade econômica, unidade federada, espécie e duração dos BAD. Resultados: a) No ramo Carne e Pescado no Brasil foram concedidos 31.913 BAD...

Mestrado em Ciências Empresariais; Vários são os autores que defendem que as Pequenas e Médias Empresas (PMEs) recorrem à dívida a instituições financeiras de forma diferente das Grandes Empresas (GEs). O presente trabalho pretende averiguar a evolução da dívida a estas instituições por parte das PMEs e das GEs, tentando justificar as diferenças existentes. Para o efeito, foram utilizadas variáveis que definem os níveis de dívida às instituições financeiras e o nível de activos e de investimento destas empresas, reportando ao período entre 1996 e 2005, sendo posteriormente realizada a devida análise estatística. Os resultados obtidos comprovam as diferenças existentes entre as PMEs e as GEs no recurso à dívida a instituições financeiras, sendo que, as PMEs se endividam para financiarem os seus activos e os seus investimentos, ao passo que nas GEs não se verifica a mesma situação.; Several are the authors that defend that Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) appeal to the debt to financial institutions in a different way from Big Enterprises (BEs). The present work pretends to investigate the debt evolution to these institutions by the SMEs and by BEs trying to justify the existent differences. For that...