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‣ Status of Energy Efficiency in the Western Balkans : A Stocktaking Report
Fonte: World Bank
Publicador: World Bank
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#AFFORDABLE PUBLIC TRANSPORT#ANNUAL COSTS#ANNUAL ENERGY SAVINGS#ANNUAL GROWTH RATE#AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY#AVAILABILITY#AVERAGE PASSENGER#AVERAGE PRICE#BARRIERS TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY#BASIC ENERGY#BIO-FUELS
Across the Western Balkan region,
countries exhibit relatively high levels of energy
intensity, a high energy savings potential among energy
end-users, and heavy dependence on imported hydrocarbons.
Energy markets would benefit from enhanced demand-side
efforts and integrated energy efficiency measures across all
sectors. Since most energy infrastructure was built during
the 1960s and 1970s, inadequately maintained since the
1990s, and reaching the end of its useful lifespan, now is a
crucial time to consider the way forward in the energy
sector. The signing of the Energy Community Treaty in 2003
marked the beginning of systematic energy sector
liberalization among Western Balkan countries, allowing them
to deal with widespread energy sector problems that
included, on the demand side, low energy tariffs, lack of
payment discipline and, hence, little incentive for energy
users to invest in energy efficiency measures. Building each
component of the strong enabling environment required for
increased Energy Efficiency (EE) across the Western Balkan
countries will need cooperation among decision makers at
multiple government levels...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Mainstreaming Building Energy Efficiency Codes in Developing Countries : Global Experiences and Lessons from Early Adopters
Fonte: World Bank
Publicador: World Bank
Português
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67.14625%
#AIR#AIR CONDITIONERS#AIR LEAKAGE#AIR QUALITY#ALTERNATIVE ENERGY#ANNUAL ENERGY USE#APPLIANCE STANDARDS#APPROACH#AVAILABILITY#AVERAGE PRICE#BALANCE
This report summarizes the findings of
an extensive literature survey of the experiences of
implementing BEECs in developed countries. It also includes
case studies of four developing countries- China, Egypt,
India, and Mexico and the state of California in the United
States of America. It aims to inform both the World Bank
Group and its client countries about global best practices
and emerging lessons from developing countries in the design
and implementation of BEECs. The report also serves as a
primer on the basic features of BEECs and the commonly
adopted compliance and enforcement approaches. The key
challenges to improving compliance enforcement in developing
countries include the level of government commitment to
energy efficiency, the effectiveness of government oversight
of the construction sector, the compliance capacity of
domestic/local building supply chain, and the financing
constraints. These challenges are surmountable in countries
where economic growth is sustained and energy efficiency is
pursued as a key element of national energy strategy.
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Financing Energy Efficiency : Lessons from Brazil, China, India, and Beyond
Fonte: Washington, DC : World Bank
Publicador: Washington, DC : World Bank
Português
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#ACID RAIN#AIR CONDITIONING#AIR POLLUTION#APPROACH#ATMOSPHERE#ATMOSPHERIC CARBON#ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE#ATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATION#BALANCE#BARREL OF OIL#BOILER
Energy for heating, cooling, lighting,
mechanical power, and various chemical processes is a
fundamental requirement for both daily life and economic
development. The negative impact on the environment of
current energy systems is increasingly alarming, especially
the global warming consequences of burning fossil fuels. The
future requires change through the development and adoption
of new supply technologies, through a successful search for
new, less resource-intensive paths of economic development,
and through adoption of energy. Greater energy efficiency is
key for shifting country development paths toward
lower-carbon economic growth. Especially in developing
countries and transition economies, vast potential for
energy savings opportunities remain unrealized even though
current financial returns are strong. Activities included
specialized technical assistance, training, and applied
research covering the four primary areas of country
interest: (a) development of commercial banking windows for
energy efficiency; (b) support for developing energy service
companies (ESCOs); (c) guarantee funds for energy efficiency
investment financing; and (d) equity funding for ESCOs or
energy efficiency projects. One clear message from the
experience of the three country Energy Efficiency Project is
the importance of establishing and maintaining practical...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Energy Efficiency for Sustainable Development : Scale Up Strategy and Action Plan
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Português
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67.16684%
#ACCESS TO ENERGY#AIR#AIR QUALITY#APPLIANCE EFFICIENCY#APPROACH#AVAILABILITY#BALANCE#BALANCE OF PAYMENTS#BARRIERS TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY#BIOMASS#BOILERS
This study describes the Energy
Efficiency for Sustainable Development (EEfSD) action plan,
to scale up energy efficiency operations in client
countries. The EEfSD strategy comprises of interventions at
three levels: policy and regulatory, sector and sub-sector,
and at end-use equipment and appliances. It is structured
along four tracks: integrating energy efficiency within
economic and sector work; mainstreaming energy efficiency in
investment operations; improving internal operational,
learning and analytic capacity; and monitoring, evaluation,
and outreach. Priority focus is on countries with highest
energy intensities, where rapid growth of the energy sector
is expected and where total energy use is greatest.
Implementation of the action plan will be guided by the
Energy, Transport and Water Department, and will require
cooperation and collaboration across the Bank Group, in
particular the regional operations units. This paper
presents the estimated incremental costs for FY07-09 which
have been committed from energy trust funds and Bank budget.
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Public Procurement of Energy Efficiency Services : Lessons from International Experience
Fonte: Washington, DC: World Bank
Publicador: Washington, DC: World Bank
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#air conditioning#anecdotal evidence#approach#availability#balance#Barriers to Energy Efficiency#building codes#carbon dioxide#carbon finance#carbon finance operations#carbon financing
This book explores energy savings performance contracts (ESPCs) as a means of overcoming some of the more difficult hurdles in promoting energy efficiency in public facilities. ESPCs represent a very attractive solution to many of the problems that are unique to public agencies, since they involve outsourcing a full project cycle to a service provider. From the detailed audit through implementation and savings verification, ESPCs can relieve public agencies of bureaucratic hassles, while service providers can secure the off-budget project financing and be paid from the actual energy savings, thus internalizing project performance risks. ESPC bidding also allows public agencies to select from a range of technical solutions, maximizing the benefit to the agency. Global experience suggests that ESPCs have been more effective at realizing efficiency gains than many other policy measures and programs, since the service providers have a vested interest in ensuring that a project is actually implemented. Many of the country governments interviewed for the study also saw enormous potential in bundling, financing, and implementing energy efficiency projects on a larger scale in the public sector, a method that increases the rate of efficiency gains and creates further benefits through economies of scale.
Link permanente para citações:
‣ The Energy Efficiency Investment Forum : Scaling Up Financing in the Developing World
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Português
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67.13434%
#ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY#AIR#AIR POLLUTANTS#APPROACH#BIOMASS#CAPACITY BUILDING#CARBON#CARBON DIOXIDE#CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSIONS#CARBON FINANCE#CARBON FINANCING
The document contains the proceedings of
the Energy Investment Forum conference, The Forum was held
to discuss option and explore opportunities for improving
access to investment capital and financing for energy
efficiency in developing countries. The Forum was held New
York City, New York, as a side event to the 14th meeting of
the Commission of Sustainable Developments as one of its
core themes. Over the two-day session, participants were
able to preset and debate the state of the global energy
efficiency market and to explore its relevance in the
broader global energy debate. Topics addressed included :
energy efficiency issues and opportunities; country
experiences in promoting energy efficiency; market-based
approaches for utility, building and industry sectors;
financing energy efficiency; innovative financial
structures; and mobilizing local capita markets. The key
outcome of the Forum was a call for significant scale-up of
energy efficiency investment in the developing world.
Recognize that a kW (Kilowatt) save is cheaper...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Egypt : Improve Energy Efficiency
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Português
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#ABATEMENT#ABATEMENT COST#AIR CONDITIONERS#AIR CONDITIONING#AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS#AIR POLLUTION#ALTERNATIVE ENERGY#ALTERNATIVE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT#AMOUNT OF OIL#APPROACH#AVAILABILITY
Egypt has an overall low efficiency in
using energy resources to create economic wealth. Egypt is
among the most energy intensive economies in the Middle East
North Africa region as well as in the world. The Egyptian
energy intensity is almost twice as high as in some
neighboring countries like Morocco and Tunisia and four
times as high as industrialized countries like Japan and
Germany. On the sector level, most industrial processes,
equipment and consumer appliances in Egypt have 20 percent
or higher energy consumption than the best international
practices. Therefore, Egypt has a great opportunity to
improve the efficiency of its energy resource utilization
across all segments of economic activities. The objective
of this report is to take stock of the past/ongoing energy
efficiency initiatives and activities and to recommend a set
of the principal strategic actions which could be undertaken
by the Government of Egypt to promote and sustain energy
efficiency improvements. The first part of the report
presents the following topics: a brief general overview of
energy use in Egypt; an analysis of the current
institutional framework for energy efficiency; a review of
the past...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Why Has Energy Efficiency Not Scaled-up in the Industrial and Commercial Sectors in Ukraine? An Empirical Analysis
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#AGGREGATE LEVEL#AVAILABILITY#BARRIERS TO ADOPTION#BARRIERS TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY#BARRIERS TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY MEASURES#CAPITAL COSTS#CARBON#CARBON ECONOMY#CARBON TECHNOLOGIES#CLEAN ENERGY#CLEANER PRODUCTION
Improvement of energy efficiency is one
of the main options to reduce energy demand and to reduce
greenhouse gas emissions in Ukraine. However, large-scale
deployment of energy efficient technologies has been
constrained by several financial, technical, information,
behavioral, and institutional barriers. This study assesses
these barriers through a survey of 500 industrial and
commercial firms throughout Ukraine. The results from the
survey were used in a cumulative multi-logit model to
understand the importance of the barriers. The analysis
shows that financial barriers caused by high upfront costs
of energy efficient technologies, higher costs of finance,
and higher opportunity costs of energy efficiency investment
are key barriers to the adoption of energy efficiency
measures in Ukraine. Institutional barriers particularly
lack government policies, which also contributes to the slow
adoption of energy efficient technologies in the country.
The results suggest targeted policy and credit enhancements
could help trigger adoption of energy efficient measures.
The empirical analysis shows strong inter-linkages among the
barriers and finds heterogeneity between industrial and
commercial sectors on the realization of the barriers.
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Energy Efficiency in Russia : Untapped Reserves
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
67.13434%
#AIR#AIR POLLUTION#AIR QUALITY#AIR QUALITY STANDARDS#ANNUAL COSTS#ANNUAL EMISSIONS#APPROACH#ATMOSPHERE#AVAILABILITY#AVERAGE TEMPERATURE#BARREL OF OIL
This report was designed to provide
senior Russian policymakers with a comprehensive and
practical analysis of energy efficiency in Russia:
potential, benefits, and recommendations on how to fully tap
into this resource. Shortly after his inauguration,
President Medvedev made several public statements
identifying Russia s inefficient use of energy, and the
associated economic and ecological consequences, as one of
the most pressing problems facing the nation. He has called
for an action plan to halve Russia s energy intensity by
2020. The goal of this report is to make a significant
contribution toward developing such a plan.
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Financing Municipal Energy Efficiency Projects
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
76.974243%
#ACCESS TO FINANCING#ACCESS TO FUND#ADVISORY SERVICES#ALLOCATION OF FUNDS#ASSETS#AUDITS#AUTONOMY#BALANCE SHEETS#BANK FINANCING#BANK LENDING#BANK LOANS
Improving the energy efficiency (EE) of
municipally owned buildings, such as schools and hospitals,
and municipal infrastructure, such as public lighting, water
supply, and district heating, offers budgetary savings on
energy bills and a wide range of environmental and
socioeconomic benefits. But relatively few municipal EE
projects have been developed and implemented successfully.
The challenges that limit EE investments in municipal
buildings and facilities can be grouped into three broad
areas: (i) a lack of awareness and incentives; (ii)
insufficient implementation capacity; and (iii) limited
access to financing. All three sets of challenges need to be
addressed to scale up successful implementation of municipal
EE projects. This Guidance Note focuses on the key issues
faced by municipalities in accessing financing for EE
investments, particularly for projects in the following four
areas: indoor lighting, building retrofits, public lighting,
and municipal utilities. The guidance note discusses the
following potential financing mechanisms that can be used by
municipalities to finance EE measures: budget financing...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Improving Energy Efficiency in Buildings
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACCESS TO FINANCING#AIR#AIR CONDITIONERS#AIR CONDITIONING#APPROACH#AVAILABILITY#BUILDING MATERIALS#CAPACITY BUILDING#CAPACITY-BUILDING#CERTIFICATION PROCESS#CITIES
About one-third of global energy is
consumed in residential, public, and commercial buildings
(collectively referred to as buildings), where it is used
for space heating, cooling, ventilating, lighting, cooking,
water heating, refrigerating, and operating electric and
mechanical devices. Global energy use in buildings is
expected to grow as cities in developing countries continue
to modernize and per capita income levels continue to
increase. Because of their high energy consumption,
residential, public, and commercial buildings also offer
unparalleled opportunities for energy savings. According to
the International Energy Agency, buildings account for some
41 percent of global energy savings potential by 2035,
compared with the industrial sector (24 percent) and the
transport sector (21 percent). This guidance note outlines
how cities can tap into a wide array of proven technologies,
policies, and financing mechanisms to improve energy
efficiency and capture cost-effective energy savings in
buildings. It offers city leaders advice on how to get
started in introducing energy efficiency measures...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Energy Efficiency : Lessons Learned from Success Stories
Fonte: Banco Mundial
Publicador: Banco Mundial
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Publication; Publications & Research :: Publication
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#AIR POLLUTION#ALLOCATION#APPLIANCE STANDARDS#APPROACH#AVAILABILITY#BOILER#BOILER EQUIPMENT#BOILERS#BUILDING ENERGY USE#CEMENT#CEMENT PLANTS
This study is designed to analyze the
energy efficiency policies in seven countries that were
successful in achieving low energy intensities or in
reducing their energy intensity considerably. The study
analyzes the evolution of the energy intensity of these
countries from 1990 to 2007, identifying points of
inflection in the progress towards improvements. Changes to
the policy agenda immediately upstream are explored in an
effort to identify cause and affect relationships in energy
efficiency improvements. Although direct relationships are
difficult to isolate, cross country analyses that point to
similar successes among a variety of countries give some
confidence that these policies have contributed to reducing
energy needs. The energy efficiency of new buildings is
relatively easily and in expensively addressed by setting
standards: making a new building energy efficient typically
adds only 5 percent to the total cost. The purpose of this
study is to determine what policy changes make a difference
in countries' energy in tensity. The starting point for
the analysis was the evolution of countries' energy
intensity over time to identify inflection points when
notable changes took place. Given that the inflection point
could have been caused by external price shocks or
structural changes...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Energy Efficiency Finance : Assessing the Impact of IFC's China Utility-based Energy Efficiency Finance Program
Fonte: Washington, DC: World Bank
Publicador: Washington, DC: World Bank
Tipo: Publications & Research :: Publication; Publications & Research :: Publication
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACCESS TO CREDIT#ACCESS TO ENERGY#ACCESS TO FINANCE#ACCESS TO FINANCING#ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS#ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES#ADVISORY SERVICES#AIR#ANNUAL EMISSIONS#APPROACH#AVAILABILITY
This evaluation assesses the performance
of International Finance Corporations (IFC's) energy
efficiency finance program in China aimed at stimulating
energy efficiency investments through bank guarantees and
technical assistance. The program's significance is
underpinned by the fact that China's size, rapid
economic growth, and inefficiencies in energy use make it
one of the world's largest emitters of carbon dioxide
(CO2.). The utilization of IFC's program has been rapid
compared with other similar programs. The difference made by
the program is traced along the chain of interventions: (i)
at the level of banks, the program is narrowly based on one
of the two partner banks, which, with the help of the
program, expanded its energy efficiency lending as a new
business line; (ii) at the level of energy management
companies, the program's technical assistance improved
the program participants' access to finance; and (iii)
at the end-user level, it promoted the use of energy
efficiency investments that achieved reduction of greenhouse
gas emissions. The evaluation recommends areas of
improvement to realize greater impact. First...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Exploiting Market-Based Mechanisms to Meet Utilities' Energy Efficiency Obligations
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Tipo: Journal Article; Publications & Research :: Brief; Publications & Research
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY#ALTERNATIVE METHODS#APPROACH#AUCTION#BARRIERS TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY#BLACK CARBON#BOTTOM LINE#BURNING COAL#CARBON DIOXIDE#CARBON ENERGY#CLIMATE
Electric utilities are key actors in
the quest to induce large-scale energy savings among end
users. But often it is not enough simply to mandate
utilities to achieve a specific target. Three new
market-based mechanisms are available for utilities to use
in promoting energy efficiency. Historically, mechanisms of
demand-side management may be classified as regulatory,
policy-based, market-based, and load-targeting. This
knowledge note is important, because electric utilities are
well-positioned to help raise energy efficiency. The three
new market-based mechanisms to help achieve this goal
include Establish a white certificates scheme establishing a
white certificates scheme, establishing energy efficiency
auctions, and establishing energy efficiency feed-in
tariffs. These new market-based models are available for
utilities to use in promoting energy efficiency, in concert
with other means of procurement. Whatever the design,
program effectiveness will depend on technically competent
and trusted verification of energy savings and their costs...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ City Energy Efficiency Assessments
Fonte: World Bank, Washington, DC
Publicador: World Bank, Washington, DC
Tipo: Publications & Research :: ESMAP Paper; Publications & Research
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
77.113193%
#ABATEMENT MEASURES#ABATEMENT POTENTIAL#ACCESS TO FINANCING#AIR#AIR POLLUTION#ANECDOTAL EVIDENCE#APPROACH#ASSESSMENT PROCESS#AVAILABILITY#BUILDING CODES#BUILDING ENERGY USE
For cities that want to take concrete
actions on improving energy efficiency, it is essential to
understand what, where, and how big the potential
energy-saving opportunities are, what measures are needed to
capture the savings and at what costs, what the
implementation constraints are, and how priorities should be
set given local capacity and resources. An energy efficiency
assessment can provide the necessary clarity on these
issues. Energy efficiency assessments can be done at
different depths and with varying scopes, depending on the
city's needs, capacity, and resources. The duration and
cost of the assessment depends on the quality of existing
data and the size and complexity of the sector. This
guidance note provides an introduction to the objectives,
scope, and outputs, as well as the basic steps and
approaches of conducting the three types of energy
efficiency assessments.
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Tapping a Hidden Resource : Energy Efficiency in the Middle East and North Africa
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Economic & Sector Work :: Policy Note; Economic & Sector Work
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#air pollution#air pollution damage#air pollution resulting#airborne particles#appliance standards#Approach#availability#BALANCE#Border Prices#building codes#butane
Energy efficiency can improve fiscal balances, stimulate growth and competitiveness, strengthen energy security, and reduce the energy burden of the poor. It also can enhance the quality of life by improving energy products and services, reducing pollution, and reallocating savings from energy to social services and other welfare enhancements. From a long-term perspective, energy efficiency preserves energy resources for future generations and mitigates climate change. Most governments in the region consider energy efficiency as a priority issue, although for different reasons. The key issue for many is the weight of energy subsidies in fiscal balances; for others, it is the vulnerability of the economy to swings in hydrocarbon prices and the risk of losing competitiveness; and for still others, it is concern about generating enough financing for energy investments and satisfying the energy demand of their fast-growing economies. These factors have prompted governments to renew their efforts to improve energy efficiency. This report explores opportunities to boost energy efficiency in the Middle East and North Africa and secure a sustainable energy future for the region. It explores governments' growing concern about the burden of energy subsidies and identifies opportunities to improve efficiency...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Rapid Assessment Framework : An Innovative Decision Support Tool for Evaluating Energy Efficiency Opportunities in Cities
Fonte: Washington, DC
Publicador: Washington, DC
Tipo: Publications & Research :: ESMAP Paper; Publications & Research
Português
Relevância na Pesquisa
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#ADEQUATE TRAINING#AIR#APPROACH#AUTOMOBILES#AVAILABILITY#BALANCE#BUILDING ENERGY USE#BUS FLEET#BUSES#CAPITAL INVESTMENT#CARBON
The Rapid Assessment Framework (RAF) is
a central component of the Energy Efficient Cities
Initiative (EECI), launched by the Energy Sector Management
Assistance Program (ESMAP) in collaboration with the urban
Anchor in 2008. The World Bank's key objective for the
RAF is to create: 'a practical tool for conducting
rapid assessment in cities to identify and prioritize
sectors and suggest specific energy efficiency
interventions.' Thus, the RAF will be used to help
identify areas of energy use for further focus, develop an
outline energy efficiency strategy, and guide potential
future investment by ESMAP. The principal aim of the RAF is
to provide a practical analytical framework for conducting
rapid assessment of a developing country city's energy
profile and performance for different activities across
different sectors. This information is then used to identify
sectors where the most improvements can be made, and provide
a range of energy efficiency recommendation options for each
sector, along with a list of possible actions. An outline
energy efficiency strategy should ultimately be generated
from this information to guide potential policy and
investment options...
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Policy review and analysis: Energy efficiency strategy for the Republic of South Africa
Fonte: Journal of Energy in Southern Africa
Publicador: Journal of Energy in Southern Africa
Tipo: Artigo de Revista Científica
Formato: text/html
Publicado em 01/01/2011
Português
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This paper aims to draw attention to the complex landscape of translating policy into implementation actions. It underscores the disjuncture between a broad global response to climate change mitigation measures and the requirements for national action in this regard. Individual countries face this challenge of interpreting and translating the cross-cutting response measures into local action. Climate change mitigation and energy security are two themes that are growing in importance in terms of its contribution towards South Africa's developmental agenda, thereby requiring an understanding of how policies and strategies are geared towards supporting this developmental agenda, in a way that does not compromise existing or future growth and progress. An assessment of the implementation of the South African energy efficiency strategy, demonstrates that the translation of policy intent into implementation is not self evident and associated with a number of prerequisites. These do not merely relate to the competence or capacity of an institution to implement the policy, but to a complex interrelationship of a number of factors. This includes supporting legislation, institutional arrangements, sources of finance and the need for co-operative governance.
Link permanente para citações:
‣ A techno-economic study of energy efficiency technologies for supermarkets in South Africa
Fonte: Journal of Energy in Southern Africa
Publicador: Journal of Energy in Southern Africa
Tipo: Artigo de Revista Científica
Formato: text/html
Publicado em 01/01/2012
Português
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The food retail sector is energy intensive, consuming large amounts of electricity for refrigeration, air-conditioning and cooking. Retailers are aiming to reduce their electricity consumption in supermarkets and thus their carbon footprint using energy efficiency technologies. This paper reports on a techno-economic analysis of energy efficient technologies to recommend to the food retail sector for use in supermarkets. The targets and needs of food retail companies were surveyed and thereafter, the retailers were divided into three categories. Category 1 retailer had the highest targets for electricity and carbon reduction and was willing to take on more risk. Category 2 retailer had intermediate targets and would only use developed technologies, while category 3 retailer would only invest in developed technologies if they were proven to show significant long term saving with short pay back periods. The analysis showed that closed refrigerators had the highest electricity/carbon savings and the highest profit (NPV), followed by heat reclamation from refrigeration. Both these technologies were recommended for category 1 retailers. A combination of heat reclamation, energy efficient lights, fridge curtains, electronic controls for refrigerators and POS power management systems were recommended for category 3 retailers. A combination of the two recommendations was identified for category 2 retailers. Behavioural changes of all staff were identified as important for energy efficiency technologies to work at optimum levels.
Link permanente para citações:
‣ Energy management of commercial buildings - A case study from a POET perspective of energy efficiency
Fonte: Journal of Energy in Southern Africa
Publicador: Journal of Energy in Southern Africa
Tipo: Artigo de Revista Científica
Formato: text/html
Publicado em 01/01/2012
Português
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This paper aims at analyzing the energy management activities for commercial buildings of a financial service company in South Africa by energy efficiency in terms of performance, operation, equipment and technology (POET). The sustainability of a general energy management program is discussed within this POET framework. As an application of this discussion to the commercial building scenario, the award winning energy management program of this financial service group company is featured from the POET perspective of energy efficiency. The case study shows that the POET based framework can not only cover all major energy management activities, but also identify further energy efficiency improvement opportunities.
Link permanente para citações: