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Intervention research in occupational health and safety (OHS) addresses the development, implementation, and evaluation of OHS interventions.(1) The emphasis in intervention research is applied rather than basic or etiologic. Etiologic OSH research is about identifying risk factors for occupational injury and disease, such as in epidemiology studies about the relationship between job stress and heart disease. It has tended to be under-emphasized historically in relation to more basic science-oriented etiologic research. The goal of intervention research in OHS is to translate basic research knowledge into public health action and benefits. As such, intervention research in OHS is often cross-disciplinary, drawing from a range of disciplines such as program evaluation, education, and social psychology in addition to OHS and other branches of public health. The US National Institutes for Occupational Safety & Health (NIOSH) presented a National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) to improve OHS in 1996.(2, 3) NORA was based on input from over 500 stakeholder groups across the country and identified 21 priority research areas, one of which was Intervention Effectiveness Research.(4) For each priority research area, NIOSH assembled a Team of experts in the area...

Research in the context of the dental school has traditionally been focused on institutional/faculty accomplishments and generating new knowledge to benefit the profession. Only recently have significant efforts been made to expand the overall research programming into the formal dental curriculum, to provide students with a baseline exposure to the research and critical thinking processes, encourage evidence-based decision-making, and stimulate interest in academic/research careers. Various approaches to curriculum reform and the establishment of multiple levels of student research opportunities are now part of the educational fabric of many dental schools worldwide. Many of the preliminary reports regarding the success and vitality of these programs have used outcomes measures and metrics that emphasize cultural changes within institutions, student research productivity, and student career preferences after graduation. However, there have not been any reports from long-standing programs (a minimum of 25 years of cumulative data) that describe dental school graduates who have had the benefit of research/training experiences during their dental education. The University of Manitoba Faculty of Dentistry initiated a BSc Dent program in 1980 that awarded a formal degree for significant research experiences taking place within the laboratories of the Faculty-based researchers and has continued to develop and expand this program. The success of the program has been demonstrated by the continued and increasing demands for entry...

This issue includes the article "Applied At-Sea Technology Research: Estimation of Atmosphere and Ocean Surface Influence on Radar and IR Sensor Performance for MDP". This article addresses research on the "variations on radar and IR surveillance sensor performance caused by lower atmosphere and ocean surface conditions, emphasizing low radar cross section and low thermal cross section targets." This issue also announces that the MDP Task Force is to host two symposia, one on threat and vulnerability assessment and a Mini-MDP Symposium on Maritime Domain Protection.; SITREP, a monthly e-news brief covering the spectrum of maritime domain defense and security research. SITREP is produced by the Maritime Defense and Security Research Program as part of the National Security Institute—a cooperative research institute whose members include the Naval Postgraduate School, University of California at Santa Barbara, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The purpose of the Maritime Defense and Security Research program is to conduct, coordinate and collaborate Maritime defense and security research, experimentation, and information exchange between partnership universities; federal, state, and local agencies; national laboratories; maritime industry...

"Recent events have highlighted the importance and necessity of developing Maritime Domain Protection (MDP) and homeland security. Essential components of this development include the evolution of new doctrine, capabilities, and policies. Each of these components requires analysis and research in order to understand the second and third order effects, as well as the discovery of best practices to accelerate their successful implementation."; SITREP, a monthly e-news brief covering the spectrum of maritime domain defense and security research. SITREP is produced by the Maritime Defense and Security Research Program as part of the National Security Institute—a cooperative research institute whose members include the Naval Postgraduate School, University of California at Santa Barbara, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The purpose of the Maritime Defense and Security Research program is to conduct, coordinate and collaborate Maritime defense and security research, experimentation, and information exchange between partnership universities; federal, state, and local agencies; national laboratories; maritime industry, and international partners through the National Security Institute. Each month SITREP will introduce at least two on-going maritime security research projects either from the National Security Institute or other research institutions or agencies. This month we provide a glimpse at a world-wide MIO at sea experimentation program and a library repository for issues related to maritime security. In addition...

This issue includes the article "NPS and the MDP Task Force Host Inaugural Maritime Domain Protection Symposium". The symposium "brought together over 50 commands, departments, agencies, local law enforcement, and academic institutions involved in maritime security. During the two day event, numerous briefs were delivered on Maritime Domain Protection, the status of MDP Task Force research projects and related efforts, providing a unique opportunity for members of the MDP community to learn about ongoing projects and share ideas."; SITREP, a monthly e-news brief covering the spectrum of maritime domain defense and security research. SITREP is produced by the Maritime Defense and Security Research Program as part of the National Security Institute—a cooperative research institute whose members include the Naval Postgraduate School, University of California at Santa Barbara, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The purpose of the Maritime Defense and Security Research program is to conduct, coordinate and collaborate Maritime defense and security research, experimentation, and information exchange between partnership universities; federal, state, and local agencies; national laboratories; maritime industry, and international partners through the National Security Institute. Each month SITREP will introduce at least two on-going maritime security research projects either from the National Security Institute or other research institutions or agencies. This month we provide a glimpse at a world-wide MIO at sea experimentation program and a library repository for issues related to maritime security. In addition...

Articles in this issue include: "Asymmetric Warfare Initiative Exercise 04 North: A Center for Asymmetric Warfare Project" and "MDP Research Group - Port Security Visit".; SITREP, a monthly e-news brief covering the spectrum of maritime domain defense and security research. SITREP is produced by the Maritime Defense and Security Research Program as part of the National Security Institute—a cooperative research institute whose members include the Naval Postgraduate School, University of California at Santa Barbara, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The purpose of the Maritime Defense and Security Research program is to conduct, coordinate and collaborate Maritime defense and security research, experimentation, and information exchange between partnership universities; federal, state, and local agencies; national laboratories; maritime industry, and international partners through the National Security Institute. Each month SITREP will introduce at least two on-going maritime security research projects either from the National Security Institute or other research institutions or agencies. This month we provide a glimpse at a world-wide MIO at sea experimentation program and a library repository for issues related to maritime security. In addition...

In the summer of 1974, during the three day period 30 July through 1 August, a conference on shark research was held at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California. Convened by the Oceanic Biology Program (Code 484) of the Office of Naval Research, the conference brought together a number of people concerned with sharks and shark research including scientists and representatives of the Air Force, Army, Coast Guard and a variety of Navy commands.; In the summer of 1974, a three day workshop was convened by the Office of Naval Research. Purpose of the workshop was to access the present status of shark research and to discuss areas of potential future research. The results of these discussions constitute the main portion of this report and include the following recommendations :

The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government.; This report contains 40 summaries of research projects in the Department of Operations Research which were carried out under funding of the Naval Postgraduate School Research Program. A list of recent publications is also included which consists of conference presentations and publications, books, contributions to books, published journal papers, and technical reports.

The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government.; This report contains summaries of research projects in the Department of Operations Research. A list of recent publications is also included which consists of conference presentations and publications, books, contributions to books, published journal papers, technical reports, and thesis abstracts.

The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government.; This report contains summaries of research projects in the Department of Operations Research. A list of recent publications is also included which consists of conference presentations and publications, books, contributions to books, published journal papers, technical reports, and thesis abstracts.

The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or U.S. Government.; This report contains project summaries of the research projects in the Department of Operations Research. A list of recent publications is also included, which consists of conference presentations and publications, books, contributions to books, published journal papers, and technical reports. Thesis abstracts of students advised by faculty in the Department are also included.

The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or U.S. Government.; This report contains project summaries of the research projects in the Department of Operations Research. A list of recent publications is also included, which consists of conference presentations and publications, books, contributions to books, published journal papers, and technical reports. Thesis abstracts of students advised by faculty in the Department are also included.

This issue highlights the Maritime Domain Protection (MDP) System Architecture Design Process. "Preventing terrorists from exploiting the world's oceans to attack the United States, its forces, its force projection capability, and other interests is a very serious concern for national leadership. The Maritime Domain Protection Task Force (MDP-TF) at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) is engaged in a campus-wide research effort to address this concern. Systems Engineering Design Integration (SE&I) is one of three primary independent efforts that form the core of this Maritime Domain Protection (MDP) research project. Five full-time NPS faculty members, with many years of systems engineering and project management experience, are committed to conduct SE&I with the collaboration of NPS students from the Navy, Coast Guard, Northern Command, and other MDP project participants. This multi-year SE&I effort will focus on the delivery of a proposed architecture on which to base future process and technical design."; SITREP, a monthly e-news brief covering the spectrum of maritime domain defense and security research. SITREP is produced by the Maritime Defense and Security Research Program as part of the National Security Institute—a cooperative research institute whose members include the Naval Postgraduate School...

In this issue, the Maritime Domain Protection Task Force announces that it has changed its name and will now be known as the Maritime Domain Protection Research Group (MDP RG). Articles in this issue include: "MDP Research Group Sponsors New Project: MDP Research Group Sponsors New Project: Coalition Operating Area Surveillance and Targeting System Coalition Operating Area Surveillance and Targeting System"; "Systems Engineering and Integration Team Releases 'As Is' MDP Report"; "MDP Graduate Intern Elected President of International Law Enforcement Association"; and "Automating Institutional Knowledge for Maritime Domain Awareness"; SITREP, a monthly e-news brief covering the spectrum of maritime domain defense and security research. SITREP is produced by the Maritime Defense and Security Research Program as part of the National Security Institute—a cooperative research institute whose members include the Naval Postgraduate School, University of California at Santa Barbara, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The purpose of the Maritime Defense and Security Research program is to conduct, coordinate and collaborate Maritime defense and security research, experimentation, and information exchange between partnership universities; federal...

Social science research has long been concerned withe ethical issues. Social science investigates complex issues which involve cultural, legal, economic, and political phenomena (Freed-Taylor, 1994). This complexity means that social science research must concern itself with “moral integrity” to ensure that research process and findings are “trustworthy” and valid (Biber, 2005). Research involving human subjects (or ‘participants’, in the current terminology) is required to show respect for ethical issues by obtaining approval from the institution’s Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC) prior to commencement. University policies on research ethics state that all research involving human subjects must comply with the 2007 National Statment on Ethical Conduct in Human Research1. This policy applies to all researchers, including international PhD students enrolled at universities in developed countries but doing research in developing countrie (often their own country of origin). There has been concern, however, that the ethical principles created in developed countries might not be universally appropriate to international PhD students rom developing countries. In developing countries, where societies are often pluralistic...

The context of sociological research on disaster is discussed by the various settings in which the research tradition has developed . In addition, both funders and users of that research are identified. It is suggested that the most important policy use of disaster research has been to change the conceptualization of the disaster. While no specific study can be directly tied to particular policy changes, the overall research tradition has had a transforming effect. The transformation is, of course, more obvious in some societies than in others. In the future, it is suggested that increased attention will be given to disaster preparedness and planning because of more and worse disasters. This means that social science research will continue to thrive because of its potential utility in problem solving. However, future research will be increasingly cast in interdisciplinary terms. Given the reluctance to support basic research, the relationship between applied research and the core disciplines will be come more problematic.

Our task was threefold: (1) to examine what is and is not known about evacuation in peacetime disaster situations; (2) to systematically order and organize the literature and other research data; and, (3) to make recommendations from our findings and observations. About 150 literature sources and other newly gathered as well as previously gathered research data were examined. An analytical model of evacuation behavior was developed positing a relationship between community context, threat conditions, social processes, patterns of behavior including the withdrawal movement, and consequences for community preparedness for evacuation. Policy, planning, operational and research implications were derived suggesting future actions and efforts. Our study did find that we do currently have some research-based knowledge and understanding about evacuation phenomena in disasters. The literature and research data give us a comprehension beyond common sense notions, and in fact, at times, the evidence suggests that citizens in general and officials in particular may be working with incorrect assumptions and beliefs about the phenomena. On this topic, as is true of many other matters about disaster behavior, mythologies and misconceptions about evacuation abound. For example...

The context of sociological research on disaster is discussed by the various settings in which the research tradition has developed. In addi­tion, both funders and users of that research are identified. It is suggested that the most important policy use of disaster research has been to change the conceptualization of disaster. While no specific study can be directly tied to particular policy changes, the overall research tradition has had a transforming effect. That transformation is, of course, more obvious in some societies than in others. In the future, it is suggested that increased attention will be given to disaster preparedness and planning because of more and worse disasters. This means that social science research will continue to thrive because of its potential utility in problem solving. However, future research will be increasingly cast in interdisciplinary terms. Given the reluctance to support basic research, the relationship between applied research and the core disciplines will become more problematic.

The Disaster Research Center (DRC) at the University of Delaware, with the financial support of the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the College of Arts and Sciences, held a two-day conference titled “Disaster Research in the Social Sciences: Lessons Learned, Challenges, and Future Trajectories.” The conference highlighted the interdisciplinary and international nature of the disaster research field and focused on: 1) the growth and development of the field of disasters, from the perspective of the Social Sciences; 2) theoretical, methodological, and public policy contributions of the field; 3) lessons learned and best practices that have emerged from this area of research; and 4) future trajectories or opportunities for Social Science research in the study of disasters. Conference participants included leading scholars and researchers, practitioners, representatives from funding organizations, and graduate and undergraduate students. The conference allowed participants to discuss substantive, theoretical, and methodological issues and concerns relevant to the field as well as to generate new research initiatives that will contribute to our understanding and knowledge regarding the study of disasters. Substantive and critical issues discussed during this two-day conference included: the growth and development of disaster research in the Social Sciences; theoretical and methodological contributions and challenges in disaster research; impact of disaster research for practitioners; the role and importance of multi- and inter-disciplinary research in the disaster field; the development of an international research agenda; the role of research centers in training the new generation of researchers; funding disaster research and priorities for the future in a post-9/11 environment; major research areas and issues that need to be developed and explored over the next decade at both the national and international level; and efforts to establish collaborative research initiatives across disciplines and geographical boundaries. DRC was the first Social Science research center in the world devoted to the study of disasters...